2022年12月16日星期五

Dash to lift lockdowns... at last! 20221216

After vacillating and hiding for far too long behind the rest of the world, the tide of protests finally prompted Chinese authorities to swiftly take down most of its lockdown measures - almost like a domino fall, and it is still in motion by the day.

Good news at last for HK properties as the PRC money and talent starved SAR will finally be able to play its conduit role without which it can hardly be called an international 'anything' centre...

So briefly here are some of the big changes that have been implemented or hinted to be put into effect:

HK relaxations:

  1. LeaveHomeSafe (the identity tracing app) scrapped from 14th Dec - residual restrictions of vax status scan still required to enter dining venues (article 3);
  2. Quarantine-free travel between China and HK from early January - see article 2;
  3. We expect the embarrassing climb down by officials means the vax pass may also be abandoned in Jan, signalling a full return to normal after 3 years of prison like living.

China's “Ten New Measures”:

The measures (details in article 1) came down like a tone of bricks and swiftly swept through China like wild fire from 13 Dec onwards. The impact is jaw dropping in its magnitude and extensiveness, one day after the announcements:

  1. Search volume for air tickets increase by 438% ;
  2. Search volume for air tickets during Chinese New Year increase by more than 5 times;
  3. Search volume for train tickets increase by 276%;
  4. Search volume for train tickets during Chinese New Year increase by nearly 7 times;
  5. Search volume for hotels increase by 7 times
  6. vs a week before, scenic spot ticket sales rose by 59% to 300%

Back to HK, we expect the reopening to finally put a bottom beneath the rental levels of ALL property types, with prices benefitting as well. Take retail for example: 



Assuming PRC visitor numbers return to pre-unrest/pre-lockdown days in the 2017-18 area (blue arrow), we could safely project F&B value to go up 24% from here (or combined 12% to mid-23 (lower red arrow) and then another 13% to end-24 (upper red arrow)), or if we ignore the events of the past four years and assume the pre crisis trend (red dotted line) will continue, an even larger 51% rise from here (red dotted arrow).

Extending the analysis to retail rents:
It is not difficult to see retail rent will rise some 10% conservatively from here in the next year and half (red arrow), and if a return to trend unfolds, even 23% rise from here over the same period (dotted red arrow). All this is before we factor in the high inflation that is now the norm, which tends to push up rents even when the economy slows...

Now is a good time to lock in your rental agreements (if not already late), before aggressive hikes becomes a norm in the new year?


-----------------------------------------------------article 1------------------------------------------------------------

The “Ten New Measures” have just been released, and the search volume for air tickets has increased by 438% in an instant, and the search volume for hotels on New Year’s Day has increased by 7 times! Searches for air tickets soar to three-year high on the eve of Chinese New Year

December 07, 2022

On December 7, the National Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism issued the “Notice on Further Optimizing and Implementing Prevention and Control Measures for the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic”. The notice proposed a total of 10 specific items, including scientifically and accurately dividing risk areas, further optimizing nucleic acid testing, optimizing and adjusting isolation methods, etc....

Optimizing the implementation of the new ten rules for epidemic prevention and control is here! focus

  1. Temporary blockade in various forms shall not be adopted;
  2. No more inspections of nucleic acid test negative certificates and health codes for cross-regional migrants, and no landing inspections; except for nursing homes, welfare homes, medical institutions, childcare institutions, primary and secondary schools and other special places, no nucleic acid test negatives are required proof, without checking the health code;
  3. Asymptomatic infected persons and mild cases who are eligible for home isolation are generally home isolated;
  4. High-risk areas with no new infections for 5 consecutive days should be unblocked in time;
  5. The online and offline purchase of antipyretic, cough, antiviral, cold and other over-the-counter drugs shall not be restricted;
  6. Accelerate the vaccination of the elderly against the new crown virus;
  7. Promote the implementation of hierarchical and classified management;
  8. Non-high-risk areas shall not restrict the movement of people;
  9. It is strictly forbidden to block fire exits, unit doors, and community doors in various ways;
  10. Schools without the epidemic should carry out normal offline teaching activities.

above text from Google Translate, Chinese version: 

-----------------------------------------------------article 2------------------------------------------------------------

Hong Kong to send ‘thousands of officers’ to checkpoints along mainland Chinese border ahead of shift towards freer travel

Cannix Yau and Clifford Lo | 16 Dec, 2022

...
[quoting key points of the article only]

Sources previously told the Post that the city was set to fully reopen its borders with the mainland and resume the high-speed train service to Guangdong from early next month.

The expected reopening follows the government’s decision to roll back anti-epidemic restrictions, such as easing entry rules for arrivals and no longer relying on the “Leave Home Safe” risk-exposure app, despite a significant increase recently in Hong Kong’s virus caseloads.

Thursday marked the highest number of daily cases since March 18, with health officials reporting 17,080 infections, 831 of which were imported, and 19 additional deaths.

The city’s overall tally stands at 2,307,397 cases and 11,075 related fatalities.

As part of eased restrictions on the mainland, authorities there have introduced measures to facilitate the cross-border flow of people and goods from Hong Kong, including increasing the daily quota for the number of residents allowed to cross from 2,000 to 2,500 on Thursday.

From Monday, mainland authorities have also allowed cross-border truck drivers to collect and deliver goods directly to destinations there without using the designated checkpoints.
...

A third government source said authorities would conduct refresher training for officers, inspect equipment and test computer systems, as well as carry out disinfection of facilities before reopening the checkpoints.
...

A source familiar with the plan to fully reopen the border said Beijing was keen to restore travel by earl He added that the reopening had been planned for a long time but was postponed several times as a result of different circumstances.

...

Hong Kong Railway Employees Union chairman Tam Kin-chiu said the move was subject to government approval but rail staff had already received rosters for both days.


-----------------------------------------------------article 3------------------------------------------------------------

Covid-19: Hong Kong axes app QR scanning to enter venues and lifts some restrictions on arrivals
by HILLARY LEUNG | 13-Dec-2022

While the use of the LeaveHomeSafe app for entering businesses has been scrapped, members of the public must still show their Vaccine Pass. Separately, arrivals will no longer be issued an amber code.

Hong Kong will no longer require members of the public to scan their Covid-19 LeaveHomeSafe app to access restaurants and other businesses starting from Wednesday, though vaccine proof will still be needed.

Arrivals will also not be issued an amber code in their LeaveHomeSafe app, meaning that people will be able to visit restaurants and other businesses during their first three days of landing in Hong Kong. Vaccine proof, several rounds of testing, and a health declaration will still be mandatory to enter the city.

Making the announcement at a press conference on Tuesday, Chief Executive John Lee said the adjustments were based on data and risk assessment.

“The risk of imported cases to Hong Kong is even lower than the risk of getting infected in the community,” Lee said. “Cancelling the amber code [arrangements] will not increase the risk of getting infected locally.”

He added that under the new rules, the LeaveHomeSafe app will only issue two different codes – red for those infected with Covid-19, and blue for those not infected.

The use of the Vaccine Pass, however, will still be required to enter businesses.

...

Residents are still required to wear face masks, including outdoors, and a gathering limit remains in force for groups larger than 12.

Arrivals to the city are also subject to two PCR tests and daily rapid tests for their first five days in the city.

He added that the resumption of “normal travel” with the mainland was “close to [his] heart.”

“I’ll do everything that can facilitate it, but we also must be aware that the decision must similarly be made on the actual situation… but I think that all people want to have as few restrictions as possible,” Lee said.

Hong Kong has seen 2.26 million cases of the virus since the onset of the pandemic, and 10,984 deaths according to the government’s Covid dashboard on Tuesday.


2022年11月22日星期二

UK Property - No running from tax hikes... 20221122

Since our 13th May, 20th May & 20th September bearish analysis of the UK property market, things have not improved on any front. Now, the Autumn Statement 22 just delivered by the Chancellor either added or worsened headwinds the UK is facing: as we have feared, higher taxes will now follow the double whammy of higher finance cost and higher inflation... 

Some significant tax hikes are summarised here:

Higher rate payers now hit sooner

  • 1/4 million more people in Britain would pay the top rate tax as a result;
  • Higher earners start paying top rate of tax earlier - threshold lowered to £125,140 from £150,000:

Dividend tax allowance halvings

  • allowance will be halved from £2,000 to £1,000 and then halved again to £500 in 2024 - will hit entrepreneurs and small businesses most

Capital Gains Tax exemption cut

  • annual exemption will halve from £12,300 to £6,000 from April 2024, then drop to £3,000 from April 2025
  • People will hold off from selling, or quick spike in sales before implementation of the new threshold

Other key changes:

  • 6-year freeze on the personal allowance = millions pay more tax;
  • The Inheritance Tax nil rate band have been frozen at £325,000 until 2028 = pay more if values increase;
  • The Residence nil rate band have been frozen at £175,000 until 2028 = pay more if values increase;
  • Energy firms hit with Windfall Tax of 35%, up from the 25% already levied = no cash left to invest in supply to alleviate high energy costs;

In the meantime, the pace of inflation keeps accelerating - the Oct reading is now a new high of 11.1% YoY:

all while our expected peak of price-earnings-ratio may have now arrived too - suggesting underperformance in home prices vs income (probably anaemic given the worst economic outlook on record - see article 2 for details):

On top of all these, the life of landlords will continue to deteriorate as residual rights to their own property get progressively pried out of their hands, see article 1 below.

As a result of these alarming datapoints, and our expectation of further GBP weakness, the reason to keep holding properties there is diminishing by the day... Sell if you have not already started. The winter is only beginning...


---------------------------article 1 - below are our extracts-----------------------------------------------

A FAIRER PRIVATE RENTED SECTOR?

21 Oct 2022 by ALEXANDER CLARKE

On 11 October 2022, the Government confirmed it would commit to a manifesto pledge and honour the White Paper ‘A Fairer Private Rented Sector’. This means a ban on no-fault evictions for private renters and essentially scrapping Section 21 of the Housing Act 1988, amongst other new measures.

No more no-fault evictions?

  • As part of this proposed change, a landlord would no longer have the right to end the tenancy for no reason and it would be necessary to give reasons (i.e. rent arrears, breach of tenancy) and pursue a possession order under Section 8 of the Housing Act 1988.
Decent homes standard

  • As part of the White Paper, the Decent Homes Standard, which already applies to social housing, will be extended to the private sector.

Other proposals

Other measures in the White Paper include:
  1. Introducing a new single Ombudsman to whom all private landlords must be answerable. 
  2. A new Property Portal to help landlords to understand, and comply with, their responsibilities, as well as giving councils and tenants the information they need to tackle rogue landlords.
  3. Stronger enforcement powers for local authorities
  4. Only allowing increases to rent once per year, end the use of rent review clauses, and improve tenants’ ability to challenge excessive rent increases through the First Tier Tribunal.
When?

The proposals will require legislation before they come into force and it was expected that Government would introduce a ‘Renters Reform Bill’, encompassing the above proposals, in 2023.

-----------------------------------------article 2-below are our extracts-------------------------------

UK faces longest recession since records began, Bank of England says

Karen Gilchrist NOV 3 2022

KEY POINTS
  • The Bank of England said Thursday that the U.K. is facing its longest recession since records began.
  • The central bank described the outlook for Britain’s economy as “very challenging,” noting that unemployment would likely double during the country’s two-year slump.
  • The BOE raised interest rates by an historic 75 basis points Thursday, its largest hike in 33 years.

2022年11月15日星期二

香港樓市已死?20221115

最近,香港樓價已進入下降周期之說似乎漸成共識,特別是中原指數自2019年起三頂不破而轉頭向下,上周更跌至新低後(見【圖一】中綠線)。至今該指數已由高位累跌12%:

圖一:以不同貨幣計價的樓價指數


但對身處世界各地的投資者來說,回報的計算總是會以本國熟悉的貨幣為計價單位,因此只有當環球大多數投資者以本身角度去量度都同時觀察到樓價下降時,香港樓價進入跌市之判斷才能成為「客觀的共識」。

為確定香港樓價下跌是否真的已成共識(【圖一】似乎暗示時機未到),筆者由以下主要貨幣著手:

一)非美元地區(以美匯指數計價,代表其成份籃子內國家之集體共識;以下簡稱“美指籃子”)

二)歐盟區(以歐元計價);

三)英國(以英鎊計價);和

四)全球的黄金投資者(以金價計價)


港樓對海外投資者而言仍處牛市

從發達經濟體(即美匯指數中六大國貨幣,見【圖三】)角度來看,以港元(【圖二】中藍線)計價之樓價下跌勢頭並未被以美匯指數計價的樓價趨勢(紅線)確認:

圖二:以非美元計價的樓價仍呈上漲趨勢

事實上,以美指籃子計算的價格仍處上升通道,不論是從長期趨勢(綠色虛線)抑或中期走勢(紅色虛線),甚至是更短線的角度(藍色虛線)都可觀察到!這表明,對於經合組織的一般投資者而言,香港房地產仍是一項上升中的資產。

圖三:美匯指數由六種貨幣構成


港樓對歐羅區投資者更顯強勢

對歐元區投資者而言,港樓的上漲勢頭似乎比以美匯指數及港幣計價更加強勁,而過去數月歐元的急跌使以歐元計算的香港樓價在【圖四】中紅色虛線通道內加速上漲: 

圖四:歐羅區投資者可能正目睹香港樓價加速上行


英國投資者亦見升勢?

同樣,雖然自1981年以來,因美元及英鎊如影隨形而兩個貨幣計價之樓價指數難捨難分,但是自2015年起之英鎊貶值潮導致以其計價之指數開始拋離港元指數,而近期英鎊的急跌,更造就了英國投資者「感覺」香港樓價正在加速上漲的現象!

圖五:英國投資者可能覺得香港樓價正強勁反彈中

自約翰遜執政起的英鎊弱勢(拙劣的脫歐安排及瘋狂的疫下封城政策?)造就了香港資產在疲軟英鎊環境下不斷走強的現象。


黃金是唯一拋離香港房產的貨幣?

對信奉黃金價值的投資者而言,似乎奇蹟出現!以黃金計價的香港樓價,1997年的高峰仍然是未被超越的最高點,意味著從黃金這種貴金屬的角度來看,港樓仍處於一個長線熊市:

圖六:黃金強於港幣,但小幅突破正在發生?

儘管香港樓價指數已經衝破了短線運行通道頂部(【圖六】紅色虛線),但若明年戰爭風險擴大,則黃金可能會重奪主導地位,而以黃金計價的香港樓價亦會逆轉向下。時間會證明一切。


強勢貨幣進口通縮,在萬物騰貴下並非壞事!

在過去40多年的低通脹期内,每當美元疲軟時與美元掛鉤的香港資產通常會走強,如80年代中及2000年早期(見【圖七】)美元弱勢時樓價升勢強勁,反之亦然(主要在90年代後期):

圖七:美元疲軟對房價有利,反之亦然;這次會否一樣?

然而,當下是否會重複類似70至80年代初的強美元環境,令流動性回流美國而產生通貨緊縮?這又與時下超高通脹環境如何互動?今輪美元走強是否是降低「生活成本危機」風險的一個契機?

這是一個非常有趣的議題,在香港短暫的貨幣歷史中肯定是從未見過的…上述研究表明,雖然筆者看跌港幣計價的樓價,但在全球貨幣角度來看,樓市進入熊市之判斷似乎仍言之過早。



筆者特別鳴謝香港大學會計及金融系李旻軒同學協助收集及整理本文相關數據及圖表

2022年11月9日星期三

Bloomberg Talk - How Rate Hikes & Inflation Could Impact the Property Market in 2023

I would like to thank Bloomberg for the invitation to be on the panel on November 8, 2022. At the event, I highlighted the impact of rate hikes & inflation on global housing markets and discussed the opportunities that may lie ahead.

Below is a short extract of some salient points in the presentation.



Event overview:

Aggressive interest-rate hikes could worsen the outlook for global housing markets, particularly Hong Kong, which might continue to follow the U.S. in lifting mortgage rates aggressively until mid-2023. The Hong Kong housing market 2023 outlook versus other major markets like the UK and Singapore will be discussed, and explore if commercial and industrial properties could be an inflation hedge and outperform home prices in Hong Kong.

2022年10月31日星期一

Is bear market confirmed for HK? 20221031

The observation that HK housing is in a downcycle has become consensus of late, after the CCL reaches a new low last week from the triple top dating as far back as 2019 (see green line in Chart 1). Cumulatively the index is now down 12% from the Aug 2021 high:

Chart 1: Home prices denominated in various currencies

But across the world, investors will always think about returns in their own currencies, and therefore, an 'objective consensus' of a true bear market in any asset price is only formed when the bulk of observers around the world see the same down trend that the base currency investors also sees.

So in order to find out whether the HK home prices are truly in a bear market by consensus (Chart 1 does not seem to suggest that is the case), let's take a look at the index as denominated in a few main jurisdictions:

a) the collective non-USD community (as proxied by DXY);

b) the EU community (as proxied by Euro);

c) the Brits (as proxied by GBP); and

d) gold bugs (as proxied by the price of gold).

HK still in bull market to world at large

From the point of view of the developed world population (as the USD index is represented by six liquid currencies, see Chart 3), however, the drop in HKD (blue line in Chart 2) terms is not corroborated by the price as measured by DXY the USD index:

Chart 2: Home price in non-USD terms still trending up

In fact, the non-USD price index is still very much heading up, from the longer term view (green dotted lines) to medium term view (red dotted lines), to even the shorter term time horizon (blue dotted lines)! What this suggests is that for the average OECD investor, HK property is still a rising asset.


Chart 3: make up of the DXY - 6 currencies

Home prices even more bullish for Europeans

For the average person based in Euro, the upward momentum seems even stronger compared to DXY, and HK prices, thanks to the collapse in Euros in the last few months, seem to be accelerating upwards within the red channel:

Chart 4: Euro investors may see HK prices accelerating upwards

Brits also feel the upturn?

Similarly, with the recent precipitous drop in the value of the Pound, the HK home price index will appear to the average Blighty investor to be positively surging even, after HK first started pulling away from a very correlated pairing between the HKD and GBP denominated indices which pretty much shadowed each other since our data started in 1981:

Chart 5: HK prices look strong to the British Pound investor

The much weaker pound post Boris's premiership (botched Brexit plus zealous lockdowns?) ensures that the weak pound has provided a strong platform for HK assets to appear to go from strength to strength.

Gold the only currency beating HK property?

For those who believe in gold, there is good news - In Gold terms, the 1997 peak remains the unsurprised top for HK home prices, meaning that we may still be in a bear market when measured from the perspective of the precious metal:

Chart 6: Gold strong vs HK, but mini breakout underway?

Even though the price index has broken above a near term trading channel, as indicated by the red arrow in Chart 6, if war does flare up more next year, we think gold might reassert its dominance and the break up could reverse. Time will tell.

Strong currency imports deflation, which is not a bad thing now!

In normal disinflationary times such as most of the past 40+ years, being pegged to the USD is good for HK assets during times of weak USD, as Chart 7 illustrates - weakening or weak USD is generally accompanied by bouts of strong home price increases, and the reverse held true (mostly in the mid/late 90s):

Chart 7: weak USD good for home prices, and vice versa - will it be different this time?

However, could we be in a period similar to the early 70s or early 80s, when strong USD will suck liquidity away from HK and produce deflation? How does this contrast the current super high inflationary environment? Is the strong USD a blessing as it reduces the 'cost of living' crisis that would otherwise hit these shores?

A very interesting dynamic, not seen before in our brief monetary history for sure... The above study shows that, whilst we remain somewhat bearish on the outlook of the HK market, more needs to happen in the global currency markets before it is a true foregone conclusion...


The author would like to thank Lee Man Hin Carson from The University of Hong Kong majoring in Accounting and Finance for assisting in data collection, analysis, and drafting of this article.